Advance English Composition
ADVANCE ENGLISH COMPOSITION
1. Brief analysis of English Composition.
2.Grammatical clearifications on the following terms.
*Minutes
*Notices
*Memoradum
*Proposals
*Essays
When talking about English Composition you are clearly referring to creation. Creativity can be said to be to re enstate, to re envent, to deduce something new. In above mentioned composition writing the author is expected to follow the already given instructions in composition.
*Minutes
Steps To Learn How To Write
Meeting Minutes
Meeting minutes can be defined as written or recorded documentation that is used to inform people of what happened during the meeting and define the next step planned. To write effective meeting minutes you should include:
The names of the participants
Agenda items
Calendar or due dates
Actions or tasks
The main points
Decisions made by the participants
Record what is the most important points
Future decisions
Documents: images, attached files
How To Write Meeting Minutes
Before the meeting: you need to prepare the different topics to be addressed during the meeting, noting what you know about them in order to save time and to be able to focus on important topics during the meeting. If not, you might end up on the margins of the meeting being too busy taking notes.
Taking meeting minutes is essential to a meeting: you have your project written with plenty of important details such as: who is responsible for what action, when, how, and so on.
You may or may not be asking yourselves: “What are, and how to take meeting minutes?”
During the meeting: meeting minutes are an effective contributor to successful meetings, yet they need to be appropriately written and distributed in time. The main problem with reports is that they take a long time to be written down properly, and that they must be sent quickly after the meetings to let everyone know their next projects or actions.
You need to build your notes as the meeting progresses: a good way of organizing your note-taking is to differentiate actions from remarks as well as noting the different actions per person with a deadline.
After the meeting: type out your notes in a logical manner and not chronologically. It needs to be organized to be sent out to your colleagues. Also, adding a short summary organized per person and per project at the end of the minutes helps your colleagues quickly glance at the minutes and spot the actions they need to realize within seconds.
At Beesy we know how essential meetings are. For this reason, the Beesy solution automates your reporting and helps you save time:
Smart note taking
Audio recording
Add participants by name, last name, email adress and initials – in the ‘People’ Tab
Create automatic meeting minutes from your organized notes with one click
Instantly send the meeting minutes to participants
Enter your business email
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Life Hacks, Tips and Tricks To Write Meeting Minutes
How To Write Meeting Minutes
05/06/15- “Team Meetings” via LinkedIn
“Have you ever found yourself lost in a project? Communication is broken, and you have more questions than answers for your team? Or have you even been on a team and you can tell that communication is breaking between the product owner and the rest of the team? That is almost worse – knowing that the boat is sinking but not knowing how to stop it…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
05/06/15 – “Recording a Meeting” via Community Tool Box
“Have you ever left a meeting saying to yourself, “Wow, that was a great meeting! I heard some excellent ideas,” only to find, a week later, that you have forgotten what those ideas were? Unfortunately, so did everyone else. Opportunity is lost, and the issues you met to take care of are left unfinished…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
08/06/15 – “Stay on Topic” via HarvardBusinessReview
“There’s nothing more annoying than a meeting that goes on and on and on. As a manager, it’s your job to make sure people don’t go off on tangents or give endless speeches. But how can you keep people focused without being a taskmaster or squashing creativity?…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
08/06/15 – “Checklist” via HarvardBusinessReview
“In theory, everyone understands that preparation can make or break an important meeting. The more work you do before you walk into the room, the more productive and efficient you’ll be. But who has the time to properly prepare?…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
08/06/15 – “Meeting Minutes” via WildApricot
“Whether you’ve been tasked with taking notes for a committee or you’ve been appointed Secretary to the Board of your organization, preparing meeting minutes doesn’t have to be an arduous task. Here are some tips and ideas that will help you get started with writing and preparing effective meeting minutes…”
Keep reading
Create Automatic Meeting Minutes with BEESY
Beesy is an all-in-one collaborative platform for managers and their teams with note-taking, available on iOS, Mac and Web.
Using Beesy allows you to automate your note-taking: your notes automatically transform into action plans that are shared with your team.
You can also create meeting minutes from your notes with just one click, and send the minutes to your colleagues.
Then, you can assign actions from your notes and view on a Dashboard the completed and delayed actions per project, person and so on.
*Notices
Notice Writing Format, Examples, Topic.
What is a notice or what's Notice in General terms.
A notice is a written or printed announcement (Example - a notice for sale). It is written in order to inform a large number of people about something that has happened or is about to happen. It could be an upcoming event, competition, Lost and found notice or just a piece of information to be delivered to the targeted audience. It is generally written in a formal tone. Notices are factual and to-the-point. The language used is simple and formal, not flowery. They are put up on display boards in schools or at public places.
Advertisement:
Notice writing
Poster writing
Formal and informal invitation and reply writing.
Advertisement writing
Notice writing - writing skills - notice writing as per CBSE guidelines is as follows:
Format
01 mark
Content
02 marks
Expression
O1 mark
Total
04 marks
Format of a notice for Class 12 English writing skills - Notice writing
The Notice writng format should include: NAME OF THE INSTITUTION / ISSUING AUTHORITY / NOTICE / TITLE, DATE, and WRITER’S NAME WITH DESIGNATION.
A notice should contain all the necessary details such as:
Name of the issuing agency (school, etc)
Date of issue/release of the notice
Title/Subject of the Event (what?)
BODY-Date/time/duration/Place/Venue (when and where?)
Authorized signatory: Name and signature (contact details)
Name of the issuing agency/authority
NOTICE
Date of issue/Release of the notice
Title/Subject of the Event
BODY
(Date/time/duration/Place/Venue)
Signature
Do not cross the word limit to avoid penalty of marks. The prescribed word limit is 50 words.
Repetition of any information should be avoided.
Always enclose the notice in a box. Make sure you draw the box with a pencil.
Keep your notice short, crisp and to-the-point.
Highlight the word “NOTICE” and “TITLE”. It can be either bold or underlined.
The title should be captivating and eye-catching.
Don’t make hypothetical information and facts. Make use of what’s give in the question.
Make sure you do not mention your personal information.
Make use of all the available information in the question.
Your answer shall include answers to all the 5 W’s – What, Why, When, Where and Who.
The purpose for which it is being written should be stated clearly.
Focus on presentation and clarity.
Notice Writing Topics
The topics for notice writing could be as follows –
A competition
An excursion trip
A lost and found notice
An inauguration to take place
An exhibition
A blood donation camp to be held
Or any such type of event or information to be issued in public interest.
Samples and examples for Notice writing for Class 12 English writing skills
Question 1: Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 am to 6 pm) on 6th of March for cleaning of the water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words advising the residents to store water for a day.
Answer:
Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar, Kurnool.
NOTICE
March 01, 201X
ATTENTION!
This notice is to inform all the residents regarding the suspension of water supply for 8 hours. It is being done to clean the water tank. The details are as follows:
DATE- March 6
TIME- 10am – 6 pm
Thus, we request you to store the required amount of water beforehand to minimise the difficulty. Thank you
Andrew Jolly/ Karuna Bajaj
(signature)
Secretary
SUGGESTED VALUE POINTS AS PER CBSE MARKING SCHEME-
[Any other relevant title]
– what - suspension of water supply for 8 hours
– when - 6th March; 10am – 6pm
– where - Society
– reasons for cut - cleaning of water tank
– steps to be taken - store water
– any other relevant details
Question 2: While walking in a park in your neighbourhood you found a small plastic bag containing some documents and some cash. Write a notice in about 50 words to be put on the park notice board asking the owner to identify and collect it from you. You are Amar/Amrita 9399123456.
(CBSE 2017)
Answer:
NOTICE
March 01, 20XX
FOUND!
This is to inform all the readers that a plastic bag has been found in the neighbourhood park. It has a few documents and some cash in it. The plastic bag is red in colour and is medium-sized. It was found on February 27, at around 6pm near the fountain in the park. The owner of the bag shall contact me on 9399123456 along with an identity proof. Thank you
Amar/Amrita
SUGGESTED VALUE POINTS AS PER CBSE MARKING SCHEME-
Heading : [LOST & FOUND / FOUND / any other relevant title]
-What - plastic bag with documents and cash
-When – date & approx. time
-Where - park
-description of bag- colour, material, size -owner to claim with identifying details -Contact details- AMAR/ AMRITA -Phone no. - 9399123456
(any other relevant detail)
Question 3: You are Asma/Ashish, the head girl/boy of XYZ international school. Your school is soon going to publish the annual magazine next month. Write a notice for the notice board of your school inviting students to submit write-ups.
Answer:
XYZ INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
NOTICE
March 01,2019
CALL FOR SUBMISSIONS
This is to inform all the students that our school is going to publish its annual magazine next month. All those who wish to contribute can mail their entries to xyzmagazine@gmail.com. Write-ups will be accepted latest by March 30,2019 till 11:59 pm. You can take any topic of your choice. For further information, contact your respective class teachers.
Thank you
Asma/Ashish
Head Girl/Head Boy
Question 4: You are Ruhi/Rahul, head girl/boy of ABC convent school. Your school is going to organize an inter-school singing competition. Write a notice for your school notice board inviting names of all the interested students.
Answer:
NOTICE
ABC CONVENT SCHOOL
March 01,2019
INTER-SCHOOL SINGING COMPETITION
Our school is organising an Inter-school Singing Competition on March 19, 2019; Tuesday at 12pm in the school auditorium. More than 20 schools from all over the city will participate. Interested students may contact the undersigned latest by March 10, 2019.
Ruhi/Rahul
Head girl/boy
Notice Writing Format - A Notice, generally, is a displayed sheet or placard giving a news or information. It is a written or a printed piece of information or news. It is written to inform people or students (in a school) about an activity or an event and is only meant for a specific group of individuals. They are put up on display boards in schools or public places. Since a notice is a formal announcement or piece of information, its tone and style are formal, and it is based on the facts given. Its language is simple and formal.
Format of a Notice
A Notice must cover the following points –
1. Title – A notice should have an appropriate title.
2. It should give information what the event is about.
3. A notice should tell when the event will be held.
4. The venue of the event should be disclosed in the notice.
5. It should carry the name and designation of the issuer of the notice.
6. A notice should also mention the date on which it is issued.
7. It has to be written within the given word limit.
Notice Writing Format
To see an example of Notice writing, watch the video below:
This video talks about Notice Writing Format - How to write a Notice ? See Notice Format, Examples and Topics. Format of Notice Writing for Higher Classes . Notice is a formal communication to display information to a specific category or group of people. Notices are generally meant to be pinned up School or College Notice boards or in public places. Govenment publishes Notices (legal or otherwise) in Newspapers for Wider Public Circulation.
Topics for Notice Writing
The topics for notice writing could be as follows –
A competition
an excursion trip
a lost and found notice
an inauguration to take place
an exhibition
a blood donation camp to be held
or any such type of event or information in public interest.
Notice Writng Format Example
Let us see a Sample Notice -
1. You are Radha/ Ravi, head of the music department at The Learner’s Paradise school, Doon. Write a notice giving information regarding the upcoming singing competition in the school. Include relevant information like date, time venue, age group categories, prizes, judges and sponsors for the event. The maximum word limit is 50 words.
*Memoradum
How to Write a Memo
Memos are a great way to communicate big decisions or policy changes to your employees or colleagues. It’s important that you take the time to craft a good memo so your message comes across how you want it to.
Part One of Four:
Writing the Memo’s Heading
1
Type “MEMORANDUM” at the top of the page. State that this document is a memorandum at the outset. Label the page “MEMORANDUM” 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) from the top of the page. Put the word in bold on the first line. You can either center it on this line or left-align it. You might also choose to make the font larger for this word.[1]
Double space between this line and the next line of the heading.
2
Address the recipient appropriately. A memo is a formal business communication, and you should address the reader formally as well. Use a full name and title of the person to whom you are sending the memo.[2]
If you are sending a memo to the entire staff, you might write: “TO: All Employees.”
3
Add additional recipients in the CC line. The “CC” line indicates who will receive a “Courtesy Copy” of the memo. This is not the person to whom the memo is directed. Rather, this is someone who may need to stay informed about policies or issues that you’re addressing in the memo.
4
Write your name in the “From” line. The heading needs to include who is writing and sending the memo. Your full name and job title go in this line.
5
Include the date. Write the complete date, spelling out the month and including the date and year. For example, write: “DATE: January 5, 2015” or “DATE: 5 January 2015.”
6
Choose a specific phrase for the subject line. The subject line gives the reader an idea of what the memo is about. Be specific but concise.[3]
For example, instead of writing, “Ants,” for the subject, be more specific by writing, “Ant Problem in the Office.”
7
Format the heading properly. The heading should be at the top of the page, aligned to the left-hand side of the page. Capitalize the words “TO:”, “FROM:”, “DATE:”, and “SUBJECT:”.
A sample heading would look like:
TO: Name and job title of the recipient
FROM: Your name and job title
DATE: Complete date when the memo was written
SUBJECT: (or RE:) What the memo is about (highlighted in some way)
When constructing the heading, be sure to double space between sections and align the text.
You may choose to add a line below the heading that goes all the way across the page. This will separate the heading from the body of the memo.
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Part Two of Four:
Writing the Body of the Memo
1
Consider who the audience should be. In order to get people to read and respond to the memo, it’s important to tailor the tone, length, and level of formality of the memo to the audience who will be reading it. Doing this effectively requires that you have a good idea of who the memo is intended for.
Think about your audience’s priorities and concerns are.
Try to anticipate any questions your readers might have. Brainstorm some content for the memo, such as examples, evidence, or other information that will persuade them.
Considering the audience also allows you to be sensitive to including any information or sentiments that are inappropriate for your readers.
2
Skip a formal salutation. A memo does not begin with a salutation like “Dear Mr. Edwards.” Instead, dive right into your opening segment that introduces the matter you’re discussing in the memo.[4]
3
Introduce the problem or issue in the first paragraph. Briefly give them the context behind the action you wish them to take. This is somewhat like a thesis statement, which introduces the topic and states why it matters. You might also consider the introduction as an abstract, or a summary of the entire memo.[5]
As a general guideline, the opening should take up about one paragraph.[6]
4
For example, you might write: “As of July 1, 2015
*Writting proposals
The thought of writing a proposal overwhelms many people, but the task does not have to be daunting. Informal proposals are written when people need to ask permission to make a purchase, undertake a project, or write a paper; this type of proposal is a way of persuasively putting forth an idea and asking for action to be taken on that idea. When writing a proposal, consider who will read the proposal and what that person may or may not already know about what you are proposing.
Below we provide an example of an informal written proposal and an editable PDF to help you create your own.
Writing an Informal Proposal
Follow these steps when writing a proposal:
State your purpose. Do this clearly and concisely so that the reader knows immediately why you are writing.
Give some background information. Explain why you are proposing your suggestion so that the reader has a better understanding of the problem.
State a solution to the problem. This is where you give specifics about your suggestion.
Show costs. Lay out any costs that will be involved.
Conclusion. Wrap it up by restating the problem and the proposed solution. For a general overview of how to ensure your purpose is clear, check out What Is Effective Writing Communication. In it, we discuss how to write clearly, choose the right tone, and make sure that your message is heard.
A Sample Informal Proposal
Below you will find an example of an informal written proposal asking for new pencil sharpeners for a small private grade school. For each section, we've provided some commentary to explain how that section works as part of a proposal.
The Header
Like nearly any official letter, an informal proposal should start with basic information in the header about who it's for, who wrote it, when it was written, and what it is about.
To: Rev. Mark Smith From: Nicole Johnson Date: March 10, 2011 Subject: A proposal to purchase new pencil sharpeners for the classrooms of St. Mary's School
Purpose
Because the audience is the pastor of a church that has a grade school, and because the pastor is not using the classrooms in the school every day, he may not know how bad the pencil sharpeners are. Thus, the problem is stated clearly at the beginning of the purpose section of the proposal.
I am writing this letter to propose a solution to a recurring problem at St. Mary's School. The problem is that the pencil sharpeners in the classrooms are very old and do not work effectively anymore. Students and teachers continually become frustrated because it is difficult to sharpen a pencil with the current sharpeners, and pencils that are sharp are crucial for effective learning. I suggest that we order new pencil sharpeners for each classroom so that the students will have pencils that work well and will therefore be able to write without the frustration of worn down pencil points.
Statement of Problem
In this section, the proposal gives more detail and background information about the kinds of problems caused by not having effective pencil sharpeners. The hope is that the pastor will recognize the degree to which the poor sharpeners detract from student learning.
There are 217 students enrolled in kindergarten through 8th grade at St. Mary's School. These students occupy 12 classrooms each day. None of these classrooms has a pencil sharpener that works well; it takes several minutes to sharpen just one pencil. This means that if all of the students need to sharpen their pencils once a day (depending on how much writing is being done, a pencil may need sharpened more than once a day), it could take an average of 30 minutes to sharpen them all before the students can sit down to their desks and start learning the day's lessons. Thirty minutes of time spent sharpening pencils takes away a great deal from instructional time. However, not all the students need to sharpen their pencils at the same time. This need arises at various times throughout the day, often at the beginning of a test or a new lesson. Because of the length of time it takes to sharpen a pencil, the teachers have continuous interruptions in their lessons throughout the day. Almost everything done in a classroom requires a pencil, especially as students get older, and it is difficult to get anything done without this basic tool. The current pencil sharpeners have been in the classrooms as long as Mrs. Morris has taught here, and that is over 30 years. They do not work well because they have been in use for so long. Even after sharpening for several minutes, the pencil points are still not as sharp as they should be, and the points break off easily, causing them to need to be sharpened yet again.
Solution to the Problem
The goal of this section is to convince the pastor that acting on the proposed solution will reap immediate benefits in the classroom. The proposal is specific in the solution; it does not suggest purchasing just any pencil sharpeners, but specific ones that have been researched. It also includes the recommendation of a friend who is a principal at another school to show that other people say this solution works well for them.
I propose that we purchase electric pencil sharpeners for each classroom. These work quickly and effectively, and take only a few seconds to sharpen a pencil. Office World carries several pencil sharpeners designed specifically for schools and the high volume of use sharpeners get in classrooms. I propose we purchase 12 of the Used-All-Day Pro Student Electric Pencil Sharpeners. These sharpeners have received strong reviews on the Office World website. In addition, Central Elementary School purchased these for all their classrooms four years ago, and their principal has told me how well they still work.
Costs
In this section, the proposal shows exactly how much the purchase will cost. It also shows how the writer has not chosen the most or least expensive sharpener, but one that is priced in the middle. The writer also spells out any additional financial benefits the school will receive by making this purchase.
The Used-All-Day Pro Student Electric Pencil Sharpeners cost $42.29 each. However, Office World gives a discount if purchasing 10 or more, reducing the cost to $35.29 each. Because we are a member of the Office World Schools frequent shopper program, we will receive 2% of our purchase back at the end of the school year. This makes the total cost of the purchase $415.01. Several electric sharpeners exist that cost more and less than this one, but because of the recommendations of others, I believe that purchasing a middle-priced sharpener will be a wise choice for St. Mary's School. Because Office World offers free shipping for purchases over $50, we will not have any shipping costs.
Conclusion
The conclusion restates the problem and the proposed solution and ends on a positive note encouraging the reader to act on the proposal.
In conclusion, I think purchasing new electric pencil sharpeners for each classroom would be of tremendous benefit to St. Mary's School. It would put an end to the constant frustration of students never being able to find sharp pencils, and of losing instructional time because of the length of time it takes to use our current sharpeners. Thank you for considering making this purchase for our teachers and students!
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Informal vs. Formal Proposals
This may seem like a lot of work for what's considered an informal proposal. What must be involved in a formal proposal? Believe it or not, they're a lot more work. Formal proposals require a title page (or cover memo), an executive summary, a table of contents, introduction, reference list, appendices, a glossary, and more. Informal proposals may just have a few sections, as we've seen above, and don't necessarily need to bring a multitude of facts and evidence to the table (although they can). In a way, informal proposals are more related to memos. There's also a difference in tone. Any time you're submitting a request to someone in a managerial position or an outside party, you want to write in a professional tone. Informal proposals allow for a little more leniency. For more on the different types of proposals, check out How to Write a Proposal. It'll help you with any of your more formal endeavors.
Propose Your Dreams Today
Have you ever heard, "Don't take no for an answer"? Well, sometimes we have to. But, when it comes to proposals, you can put your best foot forward and propose your wildest dreams.
Our final piece of advice is to write in the active voice. To ensure you're on the right track, check out these Active Writing Tips. They'll help you add impact to your writing and write in the clearest tones possible. When there's no room for confusion, there's a greater chance you'll receive that fateful "yes."
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girl presenting informal written proposal
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*Report writting
Introduction and Essential Elements of Report Writing
Report writing is a formal style of writing elaborately on a topic. The tone of a report is always formal. The audience it is meant for is always thought out section. For example – report writing about a school event, report writing about a business case, etv. we shall learn about the essential elements of Report Writing.
Before we get into Report writing, how about we first draw a clear distinction between essays and reports. These words are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is definitely a difference of purpose for both. Let’s see some differences between essays and reports:
Essays Report Writing
Presents information and opinions Presents facts and information specifically, no opinions
Written for everyone in general Written for a specific audience, a report concerns itself to only a certain set of people related.
The structure is casually flowing in paragraphs. The structure is very crisp and clean, using pointers and numbered headings and sub-headings
Essays usually have rooms for expression of one’s opinions, need not be supported with graphical proofs Using tables, graphs, charts to prove a point is very common
An essay has a logical flow of thoughts but no need of a summary while a report often needs a quick summary addressing highlighting points.
Doesn’t have an appendices Often has appendices
Both essay and report writing need formal writing, analytical thinking, solid reasoning behind every conclusion, careful reading and neat presentation, but a report-writing layout is very different from essay writing Crisp, often pre-designed layouts.
Essential Elements to Report Writing
From the previous section, you must have gotten a tiny idea of what Reports are like. Let’s break it down further here extending from that point
Reports are written with much analysis. The purpose of report writing is essential to inform the reader about a topic, minus one’s opinion on the topic. It’s simply a portrayal of facts, as it is. Even if one gives inferences, solid analysis, charts, tables and data is provided. Mostly it is specified by the person who’s asked for the report whether they’d like your take or not if that is the case.In many cases, what’s required is your suggestions for a specific case after a factual report. That depends on why are you writing the report and who you are writing it for in the first place. Knowing your audience’s motive for asking for that report is very important as it sets the course of the facts focused in your report. You will know what we mean in further chapters where we actually explain this with examples.
Furthermore,
write-up flows like – introduction, body, conclusion and summary. The layout is pretty crisp with a title page, numbered subheadings, clear bulleted points, recommendations, references, appendices, dates, and timings reported exactly sometimes, and so on. This format stays consistent throughout.
All your facts and information presented in the report not only have to bias-free, but they also have to be a 100% correct. Proof-reading and fact-checking is always what you do as a thumb rule before submitting a report.
Parts of a Business Report
So, broadly here’s what we have as sub-headings in a report for a business student in the given order: Executive summary, table of contents, introduction, body, conclusion, references, Appendices.
This gives you a broad idea of what flow of thought you are to keep while writing a report.
Example of a Report for Business Students
XYZ Case study
Short Business Report: Guidelines
This document provides an outline for our annual business. Please follow this format when preparing your case reports.
Contents
The report should begin with a table of contents. This explains the audience, author, and basic purpose of the attached report. It should be short and to the point.
DATE: October 24, 2018
TO: Mr: George Tefa
FROM: Bemshima Daniel, Marketing team, XYZ company
Executive Summary
The second page of the document must have a report title at the top, and provide an executive summary, that is a paragraph or two that summarizes the report. It should provide a sufficient overview of the report so that an executive (who doesn’t have the time or energy to fully read through the long report) can actually grasp the main points beforehand.
Most importantly, the summary should contain (a) the purpose of the report, (b) what you did (analysis) and what you found (results), and (c) your recommendations. These recommendations should be short and not go beyond a page.
Report
Next page in the report must contain a title at the top (the same title that you put on the top of the previous page. This is the first page that should actually be numbered, and it should be page 2 (as the table of contents is not technically part of the report).
This part introduces the reader to your report, sets the purpose in place and broadly plates out the content of your entire document.
Throughout your report, keep breaking points and starting off a new logical thought with a numbered sub-heading
A conclusive paragraph ties up all the information written before and leaves room for inferences if any
The length of the body of the report will be determined by necessity to convey the analysis and conclusions, but should generally not exceed 10 pages.
Tables and figures must all be labeled.
References could be cited in footnotes, or in a separate “References” section, if they are many or if you prefer that format.
Remember there’s a format that’s structure-wise similar but some of your sections are actually your preferences. For being on the safe side, it’s always better to be extra careful in your initial report writing days and eventually, your style will evolve from there. .
Solved Examples for You
Question: Read the information and fill in the report blanks.
Global Warming:
– A threat
– Caused ecological threat to many countries
– We must check it
– Otherwise, it will be too late.
Global warming ________ [1] the world. It ________ [2] disturbances. There is a ________ [3] countries and islands. If we want to save our planet, we ________ [4]. We have to use methods to create ecological balance otherwise it ________ [5].
Solution:
Global warming is a threat to the world. It causes ecological disturbances. There is a serious threat to many countries and islands. If we want to save our planet, we should keep a check on it. We have to use methods to create ecological balance otherwise it will be too late.
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1. Brief analysis of English Composition.
2.Grammatical clearifications on the following terms.
*Minutes
*Notices
*Memoradum
*Proposals
*Essays
When talking about English Composition you are clearly referring to creation. Creativity can be said to be to re enstate, to re envent, to deduce something new. In above mentioned composition writing the author is expected to follow the already given instructions in composition.
The Oxford Dictionary defines composition as “the way something whole or a mixture is made up.” Everything is made up (composed) of other things and so is English composition. A composition takes several ideas and puts them in an order, so readers can understand an idea or argument.
In most English class, compositions can be called an essay, report, presentation or a term paper. Compositions are composed of different elements, such as:
- Stories: who, what, where, when, why and how
- Opinions: stating a position then presenting evidence to support the claim or position
- Questions to be asked and answered
- Arguments to be presented and discussed from both sides
- Sources or references that provide information used to support a composition
In English composition, you learn how to “compose” or put together these different elements to clearly communicate in writing. The end result? You to learn to writepersuasively, logically and in as few words as possible at a level your target audience can easily understand. You’ll also learn how to organize your writing, so it flows logically.
Some of the skills you’ll learn and practice include:
- Research: how to find credible, traceable sources for what you write, including facts, figures, and verifiable historical facts
- Critical thinking and reading:how to determine if what you are reading is factual, is common knowledge and how to question what you read to determine validity
- Using rhetoric: how to use persuasive, motivational and informative techniques so an audience will take an action or support the article topic
English Composition Coursework
Now that you understand a better definition of composition, let’s look at the course elements in an English Composition class. Your English Composition class typically teaches you through theory and practice exercises to do the following:
- Brainstorming topics you’ll introduce and write about. What points do you want to make, and what areas will you cover?
- Create an outline. Organize your sub-topics with some phrases that define each topic; include sources for each one. This is your roadmap!
- Craft a strong thesis statement.What will cover in your composition? What is the main topic you’ll write about? Make it specific!
- Write the first draft – just start writing! Write complete sentences and follow your outline. If you think your paper is falling apart, go back and improve your outline, then improve your draft.Review/understand an assigned topic. What is the core writing exercise you’ll do as a result of this assignment?
*Minutes
Steps To Learn How To Write
Meeting Minutes
Meeting minutes can be defined as written or recorded documentation that is used to inform people of what happened during the meeting and define the next step planned. To write effective meeting minutes you should include:
The names of the participants
Agenda items
Calendar or due dates
Actions or tasks
The main points
Decisions made by the participants
Record what is the most important points
Future decisions
Documents: images, attached files
How To Write Meeting Minutes
Before the meeting: you need to prepare the different topics to be addressed during the meeting, noting what you know about them in order to save time and to be able to focus on important topics during the meeting. If not, you might end up on the margins of the meeting being too busy taking notes.
Taking meeting minutes is essential to a meeting: you have your project written with plenty of important details such as: who is responsible for what action, when, how, and so on.
You may or may not be asking yourselves: “What are, and how to take meeting minutes?”
During the meeting: meeting minutes are an effective contributor to successful meetings, yet they need to be appropriately written and distributed in time. The main problem with reports is that they take a long time to be written down properly, and that they must be sent quickly after the meetings to let everyone know their next projects or actions.
You need to build your notes as the meeting progresses: a good way of organizing your note-taking is to differentiate actions from remarks as well as noting the different actions per person with a deadline.
After the meeting: type out your notes in a logical manner and not chronologically. It needs to be organized to be sent out to your colleagues. Also, adding a short summary organized per person and per project at the end of the minutes helps your colleagues quickly glance at the minutes and spot the actions they need to realize within seconds.
At Beesy we know how essential meetings are. For this reason, the Beesy solution automates your reporting and helps you save time:
Smart note taking
Audio recording
Add participants by name, last name, email adress and initials – in the ‘People’ Tab
Create automatic meeting minutes from your organized notes with one click
Instantly send the meeting minutes to participants
Enter your business email
Get Started - It's free!
Life Hacks, Tips and Tricks To Write Meeting Minutes
How To Write Meeting Minutes
05/06/15- “Team Meetings” via LinkedIn
“Have you ever found yourself lost in a project? Communication is broken, and you have more questions than answers for your team? Or have you even been on a team and you can tell that communication is breaking between the product owner and the rest of the team? That is almost worse – knowing that the boat is sinking but not knowing how to stop it…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
05/06/15 – “Recording a Meeting” via Community Tool Box
“Have you ever left a meeting saying to yourself, “Wow, that was a great meeting! I heard some excellent ideas,” only to find, a week later, that you have forgotten what those ideas were? Unfortunately, so did everyone else. Opportunity is lost, and the issues you met to take care of are left unfinished…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
08/06/15 – “Stay on Topic” via HarvardBusinessReview
“There’s nothing more annoying than a meeting that goes on and on and on. As a manager, it’s your job to make sure people don’t go off on tangents or give endless speeches. But how can you keep people focused without being a taskmaster or squashing creativity?…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
08/06/15 – “Checklist” via HarvardBusinessReview
“In theory, everyone understands that preparation can make or break an important meeting. The more work you do before you walk into the room, the more productive and efficient you’ll be. But who has the time to properly prepare?…”
Keep reading
How To Write Meeting Minutes
08/06/15 – “Meeting Minutes” via WildApricot
“Whether you’ve been tasked with taking notes for a committee or you’ve been appointed Secretary to the Board of your organization, preparing meeting minutes doesn’t have to be an arduous task. Here are some tips and ideas that will help you get started with writing and preparing effective meeting minutes…”
Keep reading
Create Automatic Meeting Minutes with BEESY
Beesy is an all-in-one collaborative platform for managers and their teams with note-taking, available on iOS, Mac and Web.
Using Beesy allows you to automate your note-taking: your notes automatically transform into action plans that are shared with your team.
You can also create meeting minutes from your notes with just one click, and send the minutes to your colleagues.
Then, you can assign actions from your notes and view on a Dashboard the completed and delayed actions per project, person and so on.
*Notices
Notice Writing Format, Examples, Topic.
What is a notice or what's Notice in General terms.
A notice is a written or printed announcement (Example - a notice for sale). It is written in order to inform a large number of people about something that has happened or is about to happen. It could be an upcoming event, competition, Lost and found notice or just a piece of information to be delivered to the targeted audience. It is generally written in a formal tone. Notices are factual and to-the-point. The language used is simple and formal, not flowery. They are put up on display boards in schools or at public places.
Advertisement:
Notice writing
Poster writing
Formal and informal invitation and reply writing.
Advertisement writing
Notice writing - writing skills - notice writing as per CBSE guidelines is as follows:
Format
01 mark
Content
02 marks
Expression
O1 mark
Total
04 marks
Format of a notice for Class 12 English writing skills - Notice writing
The Notice writng format should include: NAME OF THE INSTITUTION / ISSUING AUTHORITY / NOTICE / TITLE, DATE, and WRITER’S NAME WITH DESIGNATION.
A notice should contain all the necessary details such as:
Name of the issuing agency (school, etc)
Date of issue/release of the notice
Title/Subject of the Event (what?)
BODY-Date/time/duration/Place/Venue (when and where?)
Authorized signatory: Name and signature (contact details)
Name of the issuing agency/authority
NOTICE
Date of issue/Release of the notice
Title/Subject of the Event
BODY
(Date/time/duration/Place/Venue)
Signature
Do not cross the word limit to avoid penalty of marks. The prescribed word limit is 50 words.
Repetition of any information should be avoided.
Always enclose the notice in a box. Make sure you draw the box with a pencil.
Keep your notice short, crisp and to-the-point.
Highlight the word “NOTICE” and “TITLE”. It can be either bold or underlined.
The title should be captivating and eye-catching.
Don’t make hypothetical information and facts. Make use of what’s give in the question.
Make sure you do not mention your personal information.
Make use of all the available information in the question.
Your answer shall include answers to all the 5 W’s – What, Why, When, Where and Who.
The purpose for which it is being written should be stated clearly.
Focus on presentation and clarity.
Notice Writing Topics
The topics for notice writing could be as follows –
A competition
An excursion trip
A lost and found notice
An inauguration to take place
An exhibition
A blood donation camp to be held
Or any such type of event or information to be issued in public interest.
Samples and examples for Notice writing for Class 12 English writing skills
Question 1: Water supply will be suspended for eight hours (10 am to 6 pm) on 6th of March for cleaning of the water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words advising the residents to store water for a day.
Answer:
Janata Group Housing Society, Palam Vihar, Kurnool.
NOTICE
March 01, 201X
ATTENTION!
This notice is to inform all the residents regarding the suspension of water supply for 8 hours. It is being done to clean the water tank. The details are as follows:
DATE- March 6
TIME- 10am – 6 pm
Thus, we request you to store the required amount of water beforehand to minimise the difficulty. Thank you
Andrew Jolly/ Karuna Bajaj
(signature)
Secretary
SUGGESTED VALUE POINTS AS PER CBSE MARKING SCHEME-
[Any other relevant title]
– what - suspension of water supply for 8 hours
– when - 6th March; 10am – 6pm
– where - Society
– reasons for cut - cleaning of water tank
– steps to be taken - store water
– any other relevant details
Question 2: While walking in a park in your neighbourhood you found a small plastic bag containing some documents and some cash. Write a notice in about 50 words to be put on the park notice board asking the owner to identify and collect it from you. You are Amar/Amrita 9399123456.
(CBSE 2017)
Answer:
NOTICE
March 01, 20XX
FOUND!
This is to inform all the readers that a plastic bag has been found in the neighbourhood park. It has a few documents and some cash in it. The plastic bag is red in colour and is medium-sized. It was found on February 27, at around 6pm near the fountain in the park. The owner of the bag shall contact me on 9399123456 along with an identity proof. Thank you
Amar/Amrita
SUGGESTED VALUE POINTS AS PER CBSE MARKING SCHEME-
Heading : [LOST & FOUND / FOUND / any other relevant title]
-What - plastic bag with documents and cash
-When – date & approx. time
-Where - park
-description of bag- colour, material, size -owner to claim with identifying details -Contact details- AMAR/ AMRITA -Phone no. - 9399123456
(any other relevant detail)
Question 3: You are Asma/Ashish, the head girl/boy of XYZ international school. Your school is soon going to publish the annual magazine next month. Write a notice for the notice board of your school inviting students to submit write-ups.
Answer:
XYZ INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
NOTICE
March 01,2019
CALL FOR SUBMISSIONS
This is to inform all the students that our school is going to publish its annual magazine next month. All those who wish to contribute can mail their entries to xyzmagazine@gmail.com. Write-ups will be accepted latest by March 30,2019 till 11:59 pm. You can take any topic of your choice. For further information, contact your respective class teachers.
Thank you
Asma/Ashish
Head Girl/Head Boy
Question 4: You are Ruhi/Rahul, head girl/boy of ABC convent school. Your school is going to organize an inter-school singing competition. Write a notice for your school notice board inviting names of all the interested students.
Answer:
NOTICE
ABC CONVENT SCHOOL
March 01,2019
INTER-SCHOOL SINGING COMPETITION
Our school is organising an Inter-school Singing Competition on March 19, 2019; Tuesday at 12pm in the school auditorium. More than 20 schools from all over the city will participate. Interested students may contact the undersigned latest by March 10, 2019.
Ruhi/Rahul
Head girl/boy
Notice Writing Format - A Notice, generally, is a displayed sheet or placard giving a news or information. It is a written or a printed piece of information or news. It is written to inform people or students (in a school) about an activity or an event and is only meant for a specific group of individuals. They are put up on display boards in schools or public places. Since a notice is a formal announcement or piece of information, its tone and style are formal, and it is based on the facts given. Its language is simple and formal.
Format of a Notice
A Notice must cover the following points –
1. Title – A notice should have an appropriate title.
2. It should give information what the event is about.
3. A notice should tell when the event will be held.
4. The venue of the event should be disclosed in the notice.
5. It should carry the name and designation of the issuer of the notice.
6. A notice should also mention the date on which it is issued.
7. It has to be written within the given word limit.
Notice Writing Format
To see an example of Notice writing, watch the video below:
This video talks about Notice Writing Format - How to write a Notice ? See Notice Format, Examples and Topics. Format of Notice Writing for Higher Classes . Notice is a formal communication to display information to a specific category or group of people. Notices are generally meant to be pinned up School or College Notice boards or in public places. Govenment publishes Notices (legal or otherwise) in Newspapers for Wider Public Circulation.
Topics for Notice Writing
The topics for notice writing could be as follows –
A competition
an excursion trip
a lost and found notice
an inauguration to take place
an exhibition
a blood donation camp to be held
or any such type of event or information in public interest.
Notice Writng Format Example
Let us see a Sample Notice -
1. You are Radha/ Ravi, head of the music department at The Learner’s Paradise school, Doon. Write a notice giving information regarding the upcoming singing competition in the school. Include relevant information like date, time venue, age group categories, prizes, judges and sponsors for the event. The maximum word limit is 50 words.
*Memoradum
How to Write a Memo
Memos are a great way to communicate big decisions or policy changes to your employees or colleagues. It’s important that you take the time to craft a good memo so your message comes across how you want it to.
Part One of Four:
Writing the Memo’s Heading
1
Type “MEMORANDUM” at the top of the page. State that this document is a memorandum at the outset. Label the page “MEMORANDUM” 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) from the top of the page. Put the word in bold on the first line. You can either center it on this line or left-align it. You might also choose to make the font larger for this word.[1]
Double space between this line and the next line of the heading.
2
Address the recipient appropriately. A memo is a formal business communication, and you should address the reader formally as well. Use a full name and title of the person to whom you are sending the memo.[2]
If you are sending a memo to the entire staff, you might write: “TO: All Employees.”
3
Add additional recipients in the CC line. The “CC” line indicates who will receive a “Courtesy Copy” of the memo. This is not the person to whom the memo is directed. Rather, this is someone who may need to stay informed about policies or issues that you’re addressing in the memo.
4
Write your name in the “From” line. The heading needs to include who is writing and sending the memo. Your full name and job title go in this line.
5
Include the date. Write the complete date, spelling out the month and including the date and year. For example, write: “DATE: January 5, 2015” or “DATE: 5 January 2015.”
6
Choose a specific phrase for the subject line. The subject line gives the reader an idea of what the memo is about. Be specific but concise.[3]
For example, instead of writing, “Ants,” for the subject, be more specific by writing, “Ant Problem in the Office.”
7
Format the heading properly. The heading should be at the top of the page, aligned to the left-hand side of the page. Capitalize the words “TO:”, “FROM:”, “DATE:”, and “SUBJECT:”.
A sample heading would look like:
TO: Name and job title of the recipient
FROM: Your name and job title
DATE: Complete date when the memo was written
SUBJECT: (or RE:) What the memo is about (highlighted in some way)
When constructing the heading, be sure to double space between sections and align the text.
You may choose to add a line below the heading that goes all the way across the page. This will separate the heading from the body of the memo.
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Part Two of Four:
Writing the Body of the Memo
1
Consider who the audience should be. In order to get people to read and respond to the memo, it’s important to tailor the tone, length, and level of formality of the memo to the audience who will be reading it. Doing this effectively requires that you have a good idea of who the memo is intended for.
Think about your audience’s priorities and concerns are.
Try to anticipate any questions your readers might have. Brainstorm some content for the memo, such as examples, evidence, or other information that will persuade them.
Considering the audience also allows you to be sensitive to including any information or sentiments that are inappropriate for your readers.
2
Skip a formal salutation. A memo does not begin with a salutation like “Dear Mr. Edwards.” Instead, dive right into your opening segment that introduces the matter you’re discussing in the memo.[4]
3
Introduce the problem or issue in the first paragraph. Briefly give them the context behind the action you wish them to take. This is somewhat like a thesis statement, which introduces the topic and states why it matters. You might also consider the introduction as an abstract, or a summary of the entire memo.[5]
As a general guideline, the opening should take up about one paragraph.[6]
4
For example, you might write: “As of July 1, 2015
*Writting proposals
The thought of writing a proposal overwhelms many people, but the task does not have to be daunting. Informal proposals are written when people need to ask permission to make a purchase, undertake a project, or write a paper; this type of proposal is a way of persuasively putting forth an idea and asking for action to be taken on that idea. When writing a proposal, consider who will read the proposal and what that person may or may not already know about what you are proposing.
Below we provide an example of an informal written proposal and an editable PDF to help you create your own.
Writing an Informal Proposal
Follow these steps when writing a proposal:
State your purpose. Do this clearly and concisely so that the reader knows immediately why you are writing.
Give some background information. Explain why you are proposing your suggestion so that the reader has a better understanding of the problem.
State a solution to the problem. This is where you give specifics about your suggestion.
Show costs. Lay out any costs that will be involved.
Conclusion. Wrap it up by restating the problem and the proposed solution. For a general overview of how to ensure your purpose is clear, check out What Is Effective Writing Communication. In it, we discuss how to write clearly, choose the right tone, and make sure that your message is heard.
A Sample Informal Proposal
Below you will find an example of an informal written proposal asking for new pencil sharpeners for a small private grade school. For each section, we've provided some commentary to explain how that section works as part of a proposal.
The Header
Like nearly any official letter, an informal proposal should start with basic information in the header about who it's for, who wrote it, when it was written, and what it is about.
To: Rev. Mark Smith From: Nicole Johnson Date: March 10, 2011 Subject: A proposal to purchase new pencil sharpeners for the classrooms of St. Mary's School
Purpose
Because the audience is the pastor of a church that has a grade school, and because the pastor is not using the classrooms in the school every day, he may not know how bad the pencil sharpeners are. Thus, the problem is stated clearly at the beginning of the purpose section of the proposal.
I am writing this letter to propose a solution to a recurring problem at St. Mary's School. The problem is that the pencil sharpeners in the classrooms are very old and do not work effectively anymore. Students and teachers continually become frustrated because it is difficult to sharpen a pencil with the current sharpeners, and pencils that are sharp are crucial for effective learning. I suggest that we order new pencil sharpeners for each classroom so that the students will have pencils that work well and will therefore be able to write without the frustration of worn down pencil points.
Statement of Problem
In this section, the proposal gives more detail and background information about the kinds of problems caused by not having effective pencil sharpeners. The hope is that the pastor will recognize the degree to which the poor sharpeners detract from student learning.
There are 217 students enrolled in kindergarten through 8th grade at St. Mary's School. These students occupy 12 classrooms each day. None of these classrooms has a pencil sharpener that works well; it takes several minutes to sharpen just one pencil. This means that if all of the students need to sharpen their pencils once a day (depending on how much writing is being done, a pencil may need sharpened more than once a day), it could take an average of 30 minutes to sharpen them all before the students can sit down to their desks and start learning the day's lessons. Thirty minutes of time spent sharpening pencils takes away a great deal from instructional time. However, not all the students need to sharpen their pencils at the same time. This need arises at various times throughout the day, often at the beginning of a test or a new lesson. Because of the length of time it takes to sharpen a pencil, the teachers have continuous interruptions in their lessons throughout the day. Almost everything done in a classroom requires a pencil, especially as students get older, and it is difficult to get anything done without this basic tool. The current pencil sharpeners have been in the classrooms as long as Mrs. Morris has taught here, and that is over 30 years. They do not work well because they have been in use for so long. Even after sharpening for several minutes, the pencil points are still not as sharp as they should be, and the points break off easily, causing them to need to be sharpened yet again.
Solution to the Problem
The goal of this section is to convince the pastor that acting on the proposed solution will reap immediate benefits in the classroom. The proposal is specific in the solution; it does not suggest purchasing just any pencil sharpeners, but specific ones that have been researched. It also includes the recommendation of a friend who is a principal at another school to show that other people say this solution works well for them.
I propose that we purchase electric pencil sharpeners for each classroom. These work quickly and effectively, and take only a few seconds to sharpen a pencil. Office World carries several pencil sharpeners designed specifically for schools and the high volume of use sharpeners get in classrooms. I propose we purchase 12 of the Used-All-Day Pro Student Electric Pencil Sharpeners. These sharpeners have received strong reviews on the Office World website. In addition, Central Elementary School purchased these for all their classrooms four years ago, and their principal has told me how well they still work.
Costs
In this section, the proposal shows exactly how much the purchase will cost. It also shows how the writer has not chosen the most or least expensive sharpener, but one that is priced in the middle. The writer also spells out any additional financial benefits the school will receive by making this purchase.
The Used-All-Day Pro Student Electric Pencil Sharpeners cost $42.29 each. However, Office World gives a discount if purchasing 10 or more, reducing the cost to $35.29 each. Because we are a member of the Office World Schools frequent shopper program, we will receive 2% of our purchase back at the end of the school year. This makes the total cost of the purchase $415.01. Several electric sharpeners exist that cost more and less than this one, but because of the recommendations of others, I believe that purchasing a middle-priced sharpener will be a wise choice for St. Mary's School. Because Office World offers free shipping for purchases over $50, we will not have any shipping costs.
Conclusion
The conclusion restates the problem and the proposed solution and ends on a positive note encouraging the reader to act on the proposal.
In conclusion, I think purchasing new electric pencil sharpeners for each classroom would be of tremendous benefit to St. Mary's School. It would put an end to the constant frustration of students never being able to find sharp pencils, and of losing instructional time because of the length of time it takes to use our current sharpeners. Thank you for considering making this purchase for our teachers and students!
View & Download PDF
Informal vs. Formal Proposals
This may seem like a lot of work for what's considered an informal proposal. What must be involved in a formal proposal? Believe it or not, they're a lot more work. Formal proposals require a title page (or cover memo), an executive summary, a table of contents, introduction, reference list, appendices, a glossary, and more. Informal proposals may just have a few sections, as we've seen above, and don't necessarily need to bring a multitude of facts and evidence to the table (although they can). In a way, informal proposals are more related to memos. There's also a difference in tone. Any time you're submitting a request to someone in a managerial position or an outside party, you want to write in a professional tone. Informal proposals allow for a little more leniency. For more on the different types of proposals, check out How to Write a Proposal. It'll help you with any of your more formal endeavors.
Propose Your Dreams Today
Have you ever heard, "Don't take no for an answer"? Well, sometimes we have to. But, when it comes to proposals, you can put your best foot forward and propose your wildest dreams.
Our final piece of advice is to write in the active voice. To ensure you're on the right track, check out these Active Writing Tips. They'll help you add impact to your writing and write in the clearest tones possible. When there's no room for confusion, there's a greater chance you'll receive that fateful "yes."
See similar articles
girl presenting informal written proposal
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*Report writting
Introduction and Essential Elements of Report Writing
Report writing is a formal style of writing elaborately on a topic. The tone of a report is always formal. The audience it is meant for is always thought out section. For example – report writing about a school event, report writing about a business case, etv. we shall learn about the essential elements of Report Writing.
Before we get into Report writing, how about we first draw a clear distinction between essays and reports. These words are sometimes used interchangeably, but there is definitely a difference of purpose for both. Let’s see some differences between essays and reports:
Essays Report Writing
Presents information and opinions Presents facts and information specifically, no opinions
Written for everyone in general Written for a specific audience, a report concerns itself to only a certain set of people related.
The structure is casually flowing in paragraphs. The structure is very crisp and clean, using pointers and numbered headings and sub-headings
Essays usually have rooms for expression of one’s opinions, need not be supported with graphical proofs Using tables, graphs, charts to prove a point is very common
An essay has a logical flow of thoughts but no need of a summary while a report often needs a quick summary addressing highlighting points.
Doesn’t have an appendices Often has appendices
Both essay and report writing need formal writing, analytical thinking, solid reasoning behind every conclusion, careful reading and neat presentation, but a report-writing layout is very different from essay writing Crisp, often pre-designed layouts.
Essential Elements to Report Writing
From the previous section, you must have gotten a tiny idea of what Reports are like. Let’s break it down further here extending from that point
Reports are written with much analysis. The purpose of report writing is essential to inform the reader about a topic, minus one’s opinion on the topic. It’s simply a portrayal of facts, as it is. Even if one gives inferences, solid analysis, charts, tables and data is provided. Mostly it is specified by the person who’s asked for the report whether they’d like your take or not if that is the case.In many cases, what’s required is your suggestions for a specific case after a factual report. That depends on why are you writing the report and who you are writing it for in the first place. Knowing your audience’s motive for asking for that report is very important as it sets the course of the facts focused in your report. You will know what we mean in further chapters where we actually explain this with examples.
Furthermore,
write-up flows like – introduction, body, conclusion and summary. The layout is pretty crisp with a title page, numbered subheadings, clear bulleted points, recommendations, references, appendices, dates, and timings reported exactly sometimes, and so on. This format stays consistent throughout.
All your facts and information presented in the report not only have to bias-free, but they also have to be a 100% correct. Proof-reading and fact-checking is always what you do as a thumb rule before submitting a report.
Parts of a Business Report
So, broadly here’s what we have as sub-headings in a report for a business student in the given order: Executive summary, table of contents, introduction, body, conclusion, references, Appendices.
This gives you a broad idea of what flow of thought you are to keep while writing a report.
Example of a Report for Business Students
XYZ Case study
Short Business Report: Guidelines
This document provides an outline for our annual business. Please follow this format when preparing your case reports.
Contents
The report should begin with a table of contents. This explains the audience, author, and basic purpose of the attached report. It should be short and to the point.
DATE: October 24, 2018
TO: Mr: George Tefa
FROM: Bemshima Daniel, Marketing team, XYZ company
Executive Summary
The second page of the document must have a report title at the top, and provide an executive summary, that is a paragraph or two that summarizes the report. It should provide a sufficient overview of the report so that an executive (who doesn’t have the time or energy to fully read through the long report) can actually grasp the main points beforehand.
Most importantly, the summary should contain (a) the purpose of the report, (b) what you did (analysis) and what you found (results), and (c) your recommendations. These recommendations should be short and not go beyond a page.
Report
Next page in the report must contain a title at the top (the same title that you put on the top of the previous page. This is the first page that should actually be numbered, and it should be page 2 (as the table of contents is not technically part of the report).
This part introduces the reader to your report, sets the purpose in place and broadly plates out the content of your entire document.
Throughout your report, keep breaking points and starting off a new logical thought with a numbered sub-heading
A conclusive paragraph ties up all the information written before and leaves room for inferences if any
The length of the body of the report will be determined by necessity to convey the analysis and conclusions, but should generally not exceed 10 pages.
Tables and figures must all be labeled.
References could be cited in footnotes, or in a separate “References” section, if they are many or if you prefer that format.
Remember there’s a format that’s structure-wise similar but some of your sections are actually your preferences. For being on the safe side, it’s always better to be extra careful in your initial report writing days and eventually, your style will evolve from there. .
Solved Examples for You
Question: Read the information and fill in the report blanks.
Global Warming:
– A threat
– Caused ecological threat to many countries
– We must check it
– Otherwise, it will be too late.
Global warming ________ [1] the world. It ________ [2] disturbances. There is a ________ [3] countries and islands. If we want to save our planet, we ________ [4]. We have to use methods to create ecological balance otherwise it ________ [5].
Solution:
Global warming is a threat to the world. It causes ecological disturbances. There is a serious threat to many countries and islands. If we want to save our planet, we should keep a check on it. We have to use methods to create ecological balance otherwise it will be too late.
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